Q: What is the difference between a containerized tree and a balled and burlapped tree?

A: A containerized tree is one that has been planted and raised in a lightweight plastic container filled with soilless potting media.  As the tree grows, it is transplanted into successively larger containers.  Containerized plants are sold with their root system completely intact and can be planted almost any time during the growing season.

Balled and burlapped (B&B) trees have been grown in a field, and then dug from the ground, with the soil immediately surrounding the roots remaining undisturbed.  The root ball with soil is then wrapped tightly in burlap and placed in a wire basket, which helps hold the root ball in place.  A tree that has been dug from the ground loses a large portion of its root system in the digging process.  Some sources suggest these trees may be at higher risk for transplant shock if the root ball has not been handled properly. Balled and burlapped trees should be planted during dormancy in fall or in early spring before active growth begins.

The difference in production systems has implications for planting.  Containerized trees are more likely to have circling or girdling roots and may need more frequent irrigation immediately after planting.  B&B trees may have been burlapped too high during the field digging and bagging.  Burlap and soil that covers the trunk above the root crown will lead to trunk disease and death.  Because B&B trees are wrapped, it is very difficult to inspect the root ball prior to purchase.  Both types of trees may be marketed with root balls that are inadequate to the size of the tree.

Below are links to resources which discuss in more detail the issues involved with each type of tree and which provide recommendations for steps you can take to ensure your tree gets off a great start.

https://www2.tntech.edu/tlcfortrees/root_system.htm

https://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/woody/bb.shtml

https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/MF1119.pdf

https://s3.wp.wsu.edu/uploads/sites/403/2015/03/bb-root-balls.pdf

If you have any gardening questions, please contact our DCMG Help Desk by emailing us at dallasmg@ag.tamu.edu